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Published on: 10/1/2002
Last Visited: 10/1/2002
Dr. Steven Rosenberg, a veteran scientist at the National Cancer Institute, has successfully treated melanoma patients by taking from them a sample of vital white blood cells.
Those cells were cultured in the laboratory and multiplied to numbers impossible for the human body to produce on its own.The cells then were treated to become cancer-destroying super warriors.These altered constituents then were re-introduced into the patients.
All 13 patients had exhausted medicine's most sophisticated standard therapies, including surgery to remove the primary tumor.
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"Basically, what we have found is a new way to grow cells outside of a patient," Rosenberg said.The full results of his study are reported in the current issue of the journal Science.
Rosenberg and his team harnessed the human immune system, using the body's own cancer-fighting capabilities, but multiplied by dramatic orders of magnitude.
T-cells used
The scientists amplified T-cells, a vital population of white blood cells manufactured in the thymus gland.These cells are central to the body's ability to orchestrate an immune response against a variety of diseases, including infections.
Culturing techniques allowed the scientists to generate billions of new cancer-recognizing T-cells.
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The new approach is able to work, Rosenberg said, because the immune cells recognize tumors as foreign.
Fellow cancer researchers are regarding Rosenberg's development with keen interest because of the elusiveness, so far, in coaxing the immune system into killing cancers.
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Rosenberg, a pioneer in cancer immunotherapy, has had limited success with previous attempts to spur the body into mounting an assault on cancer.He is considered by many to be one of the founders of cancer immunotherapy.
For years, he and others have tried to prompt an immune response to attack cancers, producing either transient results, or nothing at all.
The new technique overcomes a key difficulty: getting enough immune system cells to react against the cancer.
Rosenberg said 90 percent of the activated T-cells are primed against the cancer and can sustain the attack over time.
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