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Published on: 8/31/2003
Last Visited: 8/31/2003
"Labor and other social movements in the 19th century held parades and demonstrations for a particular cause," said Michael Merrill, director of the George Meany Memorial Archives in Silver Spring, Md. "The notion here was that there was no particular cause except to respect and honor labor in American society, to take time off from work to celebrate workers.
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Merrill theorizes the spread of public parks in the early 20th century gave working people nicer places to go on their day off.Before then, he said, "parks and picnic areas were not that accessible to working folks, so they took over the streets."
Q. Not counting acts of God, has Labor Day done anything to actually advance the labor movement?
A. In the past half-century, the percentage of unionized workers in the U.S. work force has dropped from 34 percent to about 12 percent.But in the 1890s, the percentage of unionized workers was less than 5 percent.Merrill, whose Meany Archives is affiliated with the AFL-CIO, said the union movement has always gone through spurts.
"In 1929 the labor movement was at 13 percent (of the work force), then someone figured out how to organize the manufacturing sector.Now we're trying to figure how to organize the service sector," he said, adding: "We're working hard to keep the flame alive.