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Published on: 8/3/2007
Last Visited: 8/4/2007
"It prevents the electrical conduction of nerves from stimulating the muscles to contract," explained Dr. Thomas Kandra, a pulmonary and critical care specialist who practices at Eastern Maine Medical Center.Symptoms can emerge within minutes of eating contaminated shellfish, he said Thursday, and may progress rapidly from tingling of the lips and fingertips to an inability to move the arms and legs to â€" most deadly â€" the inability to breathe, which is caused by the paralysis of the muscles that control the action of the lungs.
Victims also may experience difficulty swallowing and loss of eyesight.In rare cases, the heart muscle may be affected, Kandra said.
The extent of the damage depends on many factors, including how much toxin is ingested, the age and health of the victims, and how long it takes them to reach medical care.
Victims may need to be placed on mechanical ventilation until they recover, Kandra said.Patients rarely have their stomach pumped; since the poison acts so quickly, it's often too late for such a measure to be effective and needlessly increases discomfort.Sometimes, he said, victims are dosed with liquefied charcoal, which helps prevent further absorption of the toxin into the bloodstream.
Patients typically are monitored for heart and brain abnormalities and may be given medications to decrease anxiety and discomfort.Health care providers work to prevent complications of inactivity such as pneumonia and blood clots.
"Basically, we're giving the patients time to clear the toxins themselves," Kandra said.In most cases, paralysis subsides as the body rids itself of the poison, he said.