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Published on: 9/27/2006
Last Visited: 9/28/2006
University of Georgia professor Richard Hussey has spent 20 years studying a worm-shaped parasite too small to see without a microscope.His discovery is vastly bigger.Hussey and his research team have found a way to halt the damage caused by one of the world's most destructive groups of plant pathogens.
Root-knot nematodes are the most economically important group of plant-parasitic nematodes worldwide, said Hussey, a distinguished research professor in plant pathology at the UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences.
They attack nearly every food and fiber crop grown, about 2,000 plant species in all.The nematode invades plant roots, and by feeding on the roots' cells, they cause the roots to grow large galls, or knots, damaging the crop and reducing its yields.
Working with assistant research scientist Guozhong Huang and research technician Rex Allen, Hussey discovered how to make plants resistant to root-knot nematode infection.
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The discovery "has the potential to revolutionize root-knot resistance in all crops," Hussey said.
The most cost-effective and sustainable management tactic for preventing root- knot nematode damage and reducing growers' losses, he said, is to develop resistant plants that prevent the nematode from feeding on the roots.Because root- knot nematode resistance doesn't come naturally in most crops, Hussey's group bioengineered their own.
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"No natural root-knot resistance gene has this effective range of root-knot nematode resistance," Hussey said.
The researchers' efforts have been directed primarily at understanding the molecular tools the nematode uses to infect plants.This is a prerequisite for bioengineering durable resistance to these nematodes in crop plants.
Through this research, they've discovered the parasitism genes that make a nematode a plant parasite so it can attack and feed on crops, Huang said.
"Our results of in-plant RNA interference silencing of a parasitism gene in root-knot nematodes provides a way to development crops with broad resistance to this destructive pathogen," Hussey said.