Dr. Robert H. Horvitz

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  www.countrysun.com/common/news/news_results.asp?task=He - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 6/2/2008    Last Visited: 6/7/2008  

  Programmed cell death has been spurring research efforts over the last 10 years, since Robert Horvitz, a cell biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass., discovered a "family" of genes in tiny laboratory worms that cause cells to die or protect them from dying.
  
  Horvitz and two British colleagues received a Nobel Prize in 2002 for their work.
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  As Horvitz explained on his laboratory's website, the balance between these competing proteins decides "which cells are to live and which are to die."
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  Horvitz, Lockshin, Kroemer and hundreds of PCD researchers will gather at a conference of The International Cell Death Society in Shanghai, China, this month (June 6-9) to discuss the latest findings.

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  www.kdhnews.com/news/story.aspx?s=25687 - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 6/7/2008    Last Visited: 6/7/2008  

  Robert Horvitz, shown working in his laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, won a Nobel Prize for his discovery of suicide genes.">MIT/Donna CoveneyRobert Horvitz, shown working in his laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, won a Nobel Prize for his discovery of suicide genes.
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  Programmed cell death has been spurring research efforts over the last 10 years, since Robert Horvitz, a cell biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass., discovered a "family" of genes in tiny laboratory worms that cause cells to die or protect them from dying.
  
  Horvitz and two British colleagues received a Nobel Prize in 2002 for their work.
  ...
  As Horvitz explained on his laboratory's Web site, the balance between these competing proteins decides "which cells are to live and which are to die."

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  www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/bargmann_bio.html - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 12/16/2004    Last Visited: 3/1/2006  

  It was the start of a fulfilling and exciting career, one in which Bargmann has worked with first-rate scientists, including her thesis advisor Bob Weinberg and her postdoctoral advisor Bob Horvitz, who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 2002.

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  info.utcc.utoronto.ca/gairdner50th/schedule-and-webcast - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 10/30/2009    Last Visited: 11/6/2009  

  Bob Horvitz, David H. Koch Professor of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute

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  www.venrock.com/news_portfolio.html - [Cached Version]
  Last Visited: 3/5/2007  

  Based in San Diego, Idun is a private company co-founded by Robert Horvitz, Ph.D., Professor of Biology at MIT, and John Reed, M.D., Ph.D., CEO of the Burnham Institute.
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  Dr Horvitz was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2002 for his discoveries concerning the regulation of organ development and apoptosis. oapoptosis.

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  www.chicorporate.com/columns/around-the-bases/all-rise- - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 5/16/2009    Last Visited: 5/16/2009  

  The best-known faculty member is MIT's Robert Horvitz, who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine last year.

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  www.bio-itworld.com/issues/2008/sept/enlight.html?terms - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 9/28/2008    Last Visited: 9/28/2008  

  Enlight's scientific advisory board is led by Nobel laureate Bob Horvitz (MIT).

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  www.kdhnews.com/news/print.aspx?s=25687 - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 6/7/2008    Last Visited: 6/7/2008  

  Programmed cell death has been spurring research efforts over the last 10 years, since Robert Horvitz, a cell biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass., discovered a "family" of genes in tiny laboratory worms that cause cells to die or protect them from dying.
  
  Horvitz and two British colleagues received a Nobel Prize in 2002 for their work.
  ...
  As Horvitz explained on his laboratory's Web site, the balance between these competing proteins decides "which cells are to live and which are to die."

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  www.contracostatimes.com/ci_9421800?source=most_emailed - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 5/29/2008    Last Visited: 6/2/2008  

  Programmed cell death has been spurring research efforts over the past 10 years, since Robert Horvitz, a cell biologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Mass., discovered a "family" of genes in tiny laboratory worms that cause cells to die or protect them from dying.
  
  Horvitz and two British colleagues received a Nobel Prize in 2002 for their work.

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  www.thestar.com/News/article/269892 - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 10/25/2007    Last Visited: 10/25/2007  

  'It turns out that cellular suicide is fundamental ... in many human diseases,' says Robert Horvitz, of the Howard Hughes Institute in Cambridge, Mass. 'As you might imagine, if you misregulate cell death, something is going to go wrong.'
  
  Horvitz, also a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, won the 2002 Nobel Prize in medicine for work on the genetic regulation of cells and programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis.
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  But more recently, Horvitz says the suicide signals have been pegged as key players in many other serious ailments, with their failure to turn on or off when required being increasingly seen as a crucial step in the onset or progression of disease.
  
  Programmed cell death might seem 'surprising and counterintuitive' to most people, since many believe the goal of all living organisms is survival.
  
  'But the phenomenon actually, if you think about it, is one that most of us do know, but didn't realize and think about in that way,' says Horvitz, who sits on the Gairdner Awards committee. 'When a tadpole becomes a frog, the cells in the tail of the tadpole die and they do so by committing suicide.'
  
  Likewise, a baby in the womb has webbing between its fingers, which also disappears through this programming, Horvitz says.
  
  Indeed, apoptosis occurs throughout life, with old, damaged or redundant cells giving way to new ones.But when that suicide signalling system, turned on by genes within the cells themselves, goes awry, many thing can happen , most of them bad.
  
  For example, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and ALS all result when too many nerve cells are killed off.
  
  'Also with stroke, traumatic brain injuries, heart attacks, congestive heart failure and many liver and kidney diseases, what's happening is that cells that should stay alive instead die,' Horvitz says.
  
  In heart attacks, for example, it was long thought that cardiac muscle damage was caused solely by oxygen deprivation to the organ's muscle tissues when major coronary arteries were blocked.
  
  Likewise with liver disease, it was assumed that the consumption of toxic substances , usually excessive amounts of alcohol , were killing off the tissue.
  
  'But the alcohol itself doesn't kill, it rather induces suicide and that's the big surprise,' Horvitz says.
  
  'In heart attacks, what's happening by and large ... is that there is oxygen deprivation that challenges the cells, which then kill themselves.'
  
  There are also ailments where cells should die but don't, says Horvitz, who cites autoimmune conditions such as diabetes and Crohn's disease, which turn the body against itself.
  
  'What happens is those cells in the immune system that should die because they attack self, don't die and then they attack your body from within,' Horvitz says.
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  Finding ways to regulate this genetic suicide programming , either through the development of drugs or gene therapies , may have profound effects on the treatment of a huge number of disorders, Horvitz says.

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