Brill's Content: Next -
[Cached Version]
Published on: 1/30/2001
Last Visited: 1/30/2001
Kathleen Hartford, a professor of political science at the University of Massachusetts at Boston, says that China is trying to create a safe sandbox of content on the Web that will attract its citizens and keep them from logging on to non-Chinese sites.If you provide most of the content from within China and make sure you only provide safe content, that's probably going to be enough to keep most users from venturing into places that the government doesn't want them to go, she notes.
Chinese authorities try to filter out websites and information they consider hostile -- those that, for instance, contain pornography, advocate an independent Taiwan or Tibet, or question the Communist Party.They use a URL screening system, which is basically a list of forbidden addresses determined by the Ministry of State Security.The system checks the Web addresses surfers request against the master list and stops the connection if necessary.But a senior Chinese executive with one of the largest U.S. computer companies in Shanghai says the filtering has little impact on users' access to information.They have cyber cops who monitor Internet activity and do surveys and checks on the Internet cafés, he says.But I don't think it means a lot....They want free information ; they know that free information is good for the Chinese economy..
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Hartford of the University of Massachusetts notes that the regulations defining confidential state information are vague (for example, financial data that could hurt a company's stock can be considered a state secret).Almost anything can be considered a state secret when it comes to these rules, she says, adding that because enforcement is unclear, ICPs and Internet service providers will have to censor themselves.
According to the regulations, everyone in China who has a commercial Internet account must register with the government and agree not to violate the interests of the state.But outside the computer cafés in Beijing, Shanghai, and other cities across China, you can buy anonymous prepaid access cards and get up to 60 hours of online time for $ 12.It's illegal, but no one seems to care, especially not state-owned China Telecom, which is trying to sign up as many surfers as possible to defray its infrastructure investments.
The minority of users intent on accessing information from sites the government considers unfriendly do it easily through proxies -- virtual server locations in different parts of the Internet from which a request to view a site bounces, fooling the Chinese cybercensor.However, notes Hachigian of the Council on Foreign Relations, though most casual.
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Still, warns Hartford, appearing to be in control is a very powerful means of being in control....It makes everyone who crosses the invisible line vulnerable..
Chat rooms and e-mail are some of the most popular online functions in China -- possibly half of the users I spotted in the Haidian Lu Internet cafés were chatting online.