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Last Visited: 11/13/2008
During the early 20th century, Plymouth marine biologist Alistair Hardy developed an apparatus that could be towed behind an Antarctic expedition boat, 10 meters below the surface, to sample krill—an ant-sized, shrimp-like invertebrate on which much of the planet's food chain rests.
In the 1930s, he modified it to measure even smaller plankton.
It employed an impeller to turn a moving band of silk, similar to how a dispenser in a public lavatory moves cloth towels.
As the silk passed over an opening, it filtered plankton from water passing through it.
Each band of silk had a sampling capacity of 500 nautical miles.
Hardy was able to convince English merchant vessels using commercial shipping lanes throughout the North Atlantic to drag his Continuous Plankton Recorder for several decades, amassing a database so valuable he was eventually knighted for his contributions to marine science.
He took so many samples around the British Isles that only every second one was analyzed.
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Especially troubling was that Hardy's plankton recorder had trapped all this plastic 10 meters below the surface, suspended in the water.
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In 1998, Moore returned with a trawling device, such as Sir Alistair Hardy had employed to sample krill, and found, incredibly, more plastic by weight than plankton on the ocean's surface.