Dr. Michael I. Handel

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  www.clausewitz.com/cwzhome/handlbio.htm - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 12/12/2002    Last Visited: 12/12/2002  

  Dr. Michael I. Handel, Naval War College, Newport, R.I.(Unfortunately, Dr. Handel is recently deceased.This link leads to information on his work and an obituary.)
  
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  PROFESSOR MICHAEL I. HANDEL
  
  Dr. Michael Handel was a Professor of Naval Strategy at the U.S. Naval War College from 1990 to his death in 2001.He was an expert on strategic theory, nature and operations of war, and the future of warfare.He held a Ph.D in Government from Harvard University.For seven years (1983-1990) he was Professor of National Security Affairs at the U.S. Army War College.He was a member of the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at the Center for International Affairs at Harvard, founder and U.S. editor of the journal Intelligence and National Security, and author of numerous books on theory and practice of war including Masters of War: Sun Tzu, Clausewitz and Jomini (1992); Intelligence and Military Operations (1990); and War, Strategy, and Intelligence (1989).He was an authority on the problem of strategic surprise, and on the methodology and theoretical aspects of intelligence.His interests included the future of naval warfare and the role of navies in intervention.At the time of his death, he was working on a book on multi-front warfare, and on studies of comparative strategic theory.
  
  Contact Information: Dr. Handel was a member of the Strategy and Policy Department of the U.S. Naval War College, in Newport, Rhode Island, (401) 841-2032.
  
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  www.lsulegacymag.com/issues/February07/story5.html - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 4/24/2007    Last Visited: 4/24/2007  

  Blackwood's admiration of Michael Handel, one of the world's leading Clausewitz scholars, was in part why he chose to spend a year at the U.S. Naval War College.

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  dbwf.net/government/Military_Library.html - [Cached Version]
  Last Visited: 7/18/2008  

  Sun Tzu and Clausewitz Compared, by Michael Handel
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  A Guide to the Perplexed, by Handel, Naval War College
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  A Guide to the Perplexed, by Handel, Naval War College

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  A Prussian in the USA - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 4/27/2006    Last Visited: 9/8/2007  

  Michael Handel, the strategist under the NeoClausewitzians, summarized that although the political guidance had further the primacy, another principle of Clausewitz was forgotten.

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  Bio for Michael Handel - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 4/27/2006    Last Visited: 9/8/2007  

  PROFESSOR MICHAEL I. HANDEL
  
  Dr. Michael Handel was a Professor of Naval Strategy at the U.S. Naval War College from 1990 to his death in 2001.He was an expert on strategic theory, nature and operations of war, and the future of warfare.He held a Ph.D in Government from Harvard University.For seven years (1983-1990) he was Professor of National Security Affairs at the U.S. Army War College.He was a member of the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at the Center for International Affairs at Harvard, founder and U.S. editor of the journal Intelligence and National Security, and author of numerous books on theory and practice of war including Masters of War: Sun Tzu, Clausewitz and Jomini (1992); Intelligence and Military Operations (1990); and War, Strategy, and Intelligence (1989).He was an authority on the problem of strategic surprise, and on the methodology and theoretical aspects of intelligence.His interests included the future of naval warfare and the role of navies in intervention.At the time of his death, he was working on a book on multi-front warfare, and on studies of comparative strategic theory.
  
  Contact Information: Dr. Handel was a member of the Strategy and Policy Department of the U.S. Naval War College, in Newport, Rhode Island, (401) 841-2032.

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  Deaths (washingtonpost.com) - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 6/20/2001    Last Visited: 6/20/2001  

  Michael J. Handel
  
  Navy Professor
  
  Michael J. Handel , 58 , a professor at the U.S. Naval War College in Portsmouth , R.I. , who was a leading theorist of strategic surprise and an interpreter of the classic philosophers of war , died of cancer June 14 in Portsmouth.
  
  He began his career as a writer with a book on the strategies that weak states use to survive in international politics.
  
  He was the author of such books as The Diplomacy of Surprise , which compared the tactics of Adolf Hitler , Richard Nixon and Anwar Sadat in launching bold political initiatives , and Masters of War , which compared the ideas of the Carl von Clausewitz , Sun Tzu , Niccolo Machiavelli and Mao Tse-tung.

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  Frank Cass Publishers - Intelligence and National... - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 7/1/2003    Last Visited: 5/4/2004  

  Michael Handel, US Naval War College, Rhode Island founding editor

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  Goh Teck Seng, "Clausewitz and His Impact on Strategy" - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 1/1/1999    Last Visited: 11/30/2007  

  28. Douglas Porch "Clausewitz and the French: 1871-1914" in Michael Handel (ed.), Clausewitz and Modern Strategy (London: Frank Cass, 1986), p.287; and Bassford, op. cit., p. 111.
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  29. Michael Handel, Masters of War: Sun Tzu, Clausewitz and Jomini (London: Frank Cass, 1992), p. 11.
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  33. Handel, Masters, pp.9-15.

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  Goh Teck Seng, "Clausewitz and His Impact on Strategy" - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 1/1/1999    Last Visited: 9/8/2007  

  28. Douglas Porch "Clausewitz and the French: 1871-1914" in Michael Handel (ed.), Clausewitz and Modern Strategy (London: Frank Cass, 1986), p.287; and Bassford, op. cit., p. 111.
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  29. Michael Handel, Masters of War: Sun Tzu, Clausewitz and Jomini (London: Frank Cass, 1992), p. 11.
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  33. Handel, Masters, pp.9-15.

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  RFE/RL Organized Crime and Terrorism Watch - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 1/14/2003    Last Visited: 1/14/2003  

  Michael Handel of the Harvard University Center for International Affairs, writing in Roy Godson's study "Intelligence Requirements for the 1980's" (National Strategy Information Center, 1980) wrote: "The more information is collected, the more difficult it becomes to filter, organize and use.The more information is collected, the more noise may be added.The more successful an intelligence organization becomes, the less are its reports questioned and the greater the chance that it will fail.The more alerts are sounded, the less meaningful they become ('alert fatigue')."
  
  Handel goes on to say that ignoring reliable and repeated warning signals is symptomatic of intelligence organizations due to rigid concepts.The U.S. intelligence community failed to anticipate the OPEC oil embargo because it simply refused to believe that the U.S. economy was vulnerable to a weapon (in this case, oil) in the hands of a Third World cartel, for instance.In the case of the OPEC embargo, U.S. intelligence agencies had frequent warnings.Saudi officials said both publicly and privately that the oil weapon would be used by Arab states.In the end, wishful thinking prevailed and the information was not disseminated to the proper consumers.
  
  Why was the U.S. intelligence community led to believe that if a terrorist attack were to take place, it would be outside the United States?

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