Mr. Edward Fredkin

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  jetpress.org/v19/campa.htm - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 9/1/2008    Last Visited: 10/31/2008  

  For instance, Edward Fredkin, pioneer of digital physics and artificial intelligence presents a more liberal view and stresses the connection between intelligence and cooperation. Fredkin predicts that competition will prove to be only a temporary phase, one that intelligent machines will quickly transcend. It is interesting to note that this scientist has never shown any anticapitalistic idiosyncrasy. Before becoming a professor of physics at Boston University, he had been a fighter pilot in the US Air Force and a successful entrepreneur. In synthesis, Fredkin believes that the future will belong to machines "many millions of times smarter than us" and exactly because they are more intelligent they will recognize that struggle and competition are atavistic and counterproductive. Cooperation yields a win-win situation because what one learns, all can learn. And evolution depends on learning. Once the machines will be supremely intelligent, they will overcome the Darwinian race and start cooperating in order to solve the secret of the universe, or The Answer. Fredkin says: "Of course computers will develop their own science.

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  staging.computerhistory.org/events/index.php?spkid=5&ss - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 12/23/2008    Last Visited: 12/23/2008  

  Ed Fredkin, ModeratorComputer History Museum - Lectures - Biographies
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  Ed Fredkin, Moderator
  
  Edward Fredkin is recognized worldwide as one of the foremost authorities and developers of the field of artificial intelligence (AI).He is now Distinguished Career Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University (West) and has kindly agreed to serve as moderator of the PDP-1 panel.
  
  At age 19, Fredkin left college (Caltech) to join the U.S. Air Force and became a fighter pilot.

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  www.icybernetics.com/flash/company/boards.html - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 7/19/2001    Last Visited: 7/19/2001  

  Edward Fredkin
  
  Founder , Information International Inc.Former Director , MIT Laboratory of Computer Science
  
  Mr. Edward Fredkin founded Information International Inc. serving as its CEO.He has served as the CEO of a diverse set of companies , including Radnet , Three Rivers Computer Corporation , New England Television Corporation ( Boston's then Channel 7 , the CBS affiliate ) , and others.Mr. Fredkin has performed extensive consulting to large computer companies such as IBM , Digital , Motorola , Schlumberger , and to many other smaller companies.
  
  Mr. Fredkin served in the military as a pilot and later as a computer specialist for the US Air Force.His enthusiasm for artificial intelligence led to many fundamental discoveries in computer science.He is the inventor of the Conservative Logic Gate , a computing element widely known as the Fredkin Gate.He also discovered general methods , known as the Fredkin Transforms , for converting mathematical models of systems into computational models that are exactly reversible.His academic career includes a period as Director of the MIT Laboratory of Computer Science and professorships at MIT , BU , and CMU.He spent one year at the California Institute of Technology as a Fairchild Distinguished Scholar working in the Division of Physics , Mathematics , and Astronomy.Currently , he is serving as a Distinguished Service Professor at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh , PA..

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  www.rudyrucker.com/blog/boingblog.htm - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 2/19/2007    Last Visited: 6/12/2009  

  In the 1970s, the computer scientist Edward Fredkin gave a theoretical proof that, if you idealize away all of the real-world crud, you can make a universal computer from billiard balls bouncing around on a sufficiently large table.

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  ppsa.com/magazine/overhear.html - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 1/1/1994    Last Visited: 5/11/2009  

  The book uses miniature biographies of three thinkers--computer scientist Edward Fredkin, biologist Edward O. Wilson, and social theorist Kenneth Boulding--to explore the scientific and philosophical undercurrents of the information age, as well as its social implications.

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  www.marcuschown.com/neverendingdayssample.htm - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 4/21/2007    Last Visited: 4/21/2007  

  The American physicist Ed Fredkin thinks so.He is convinced that the Universe is nothing more than a computer which is being used to solve a problem.As others have pointed out, this is both good news and bad news.The good news is that there really is a purpose to our lives.The bad news is that purpose may be to help someone or something work out pi to countless zillion decimal places!
  
  The idea that the most fundamental stuff in the Universe - more fundamental even than matter or energy - is information - digital information - is certainly an idea which is taking hold among today's physicists.Those who subscribe to this "digital philosophy", such as Wolfram and Fredkin, are in absolutely no doubt that what the Universe is doing is computation, in the most general sense of the word.

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  digitalphysics.org/Mail/ - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 8/13/2006    Last Visited: 10/31/2007  

  [IMG]Mail | EMQG | RE: EMQG | [Fwd: EMQG] | RE: [Fwd: EMQG] | important references | questions | follow-up | RE: questions | Re: follow-up | Web Forum | Complex Sysytems: The Universe is a Computational Device | Seminars at MIT | media update | DP FAQ update | Discussion Forum | Re: Discussion Forum | Minimal 1D CA found? | new paper available | Special and General Relativity on a 3D CA | Anybody know Edward Fredkin's location (E-mail address)? | Two new papers, 1998 Mail available on-line | Re: Two new papers, 1998 Mail available on-line | Challenge to DP members | Re: Challenge to DP members | 1998-9 | 1998-11 | 1998-12 | 1998-13

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  digitalphysics.org/Publications/Fredkin/Finite-Nature/ - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 8/13/2006    Last Visited: 10/31/2007  

  EDWARD FREDKIN
  
  Department of Physics Boston University
  
  Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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  [8] For a description of computation based on ideas from physics, see: Fredkin, Edward, "A Physicist's Model of Computation" Proceedings of the XXVIth Recontre de Moriond (1991) 283-297

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  digitalphysics.org/Publications/Fredkin/New-Cosmogony/ - [Cached Version]
  Published on: 8/13/2006    Last Visited: 10/31/2007  

  EDWARD FREDKIN
  
  Department of Physics Boston University
  
  Boston, MA, 02215, USA

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  nicenecouncil.com/media/display.pl?media_file=18 - [Cached Version]
  Last Visited: 10/22/2008  

  (April 1988), Robert Wright profiled Edward Fredkin, a self-taught computer scientist at MIT who went so far as to postulate that the universe actually is a computer.
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  Drawing from his experience with information theory, Fredkin posited that computation is the basis of reality and that the structure of the universe is supported by a massive network of cellular automata.
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  This rule, Fredkin says, is something fairly simple, something vastly less arcane than the mathematical constructs that conventional physicists use to explain the dynamics of physical reality. Yet through ceaseless repetition … it has generated pervasive complexity.
  
  Wright traced Fredkin's career through his years as a college dropout, a fighter pilot, a computer programmer, an inventor, and a professor, pointing out that Fredkin's unconventional training may have been what led to his ability to see things that other scientists could not.
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  Fredkin was indeed a brilliant and intuitive thinker, one whose intellectual prowess was praised by world-renowned scientists like Richard Feynman and Marvin Minsky.
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  But because there was no apparent way to test his theory empirically, Fredkin was forced to frame his ideas about the underlying structure of the universal digital rule, which he called "the prime mover of everything," in metaphysical terms. According to Fredkin, Wright explained,
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  So long as the cellular automaton's rule is the same in each case, the patterns of information will be the same, and so will we, because the structure of our world depends on pattern, not on the pattern's substrate; a carbon atom, according to Fredkin, is a certain configuration of bits, not a certain kind of bits.

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