Jeffrey J. Danneels This is Me

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1. 1. www.eurekalert.org

   www.eurekalert.org/pub_release - [Cached]

   Published on: 6/18/2007   Last Visited: 6/20/2007

   "The software [by itself] is not a checklist," says Sandia manager Jeff Danneels whose background is in risk and security assessments.

2. 2. News: Full Story

   www.designbuildmag.com/news/20 - [Cached]

   Published on: 11/1/2000   Last Visited: 10/8/2001

   ALBUQUERQUE , N.M. , Oct. 4 ( AScribe News ) -- Sandia National Laboratories researcher Jeffrey Danneels has some answers about how water distribution systems in this country can remain secure.
   
   Over the past year and a half he has worked with the Environmental Protection Agency and the American Water Works Association Research Foundation developing a program to train water utilities to assess the vulnerabilities of their systems and develop measures to reduce the risks and mitigate the consequences of terrorist or other criminal attacks.
   
   We started exploring the possibility of working together to enhance the security of America's water infrastructure - supply , treatment , and distribution - well before the Sept. 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon , says Danneels , who is leading Sandia's efforts to protect US water systems. We are putting a program in place that involves on-site assessments of utilities and training sessions for utility personnel.. The initiative comes at a time of heightened concern about the security of water supplies nationwide. Threats range from vandalism to terrorism to intentional contamination.
   
   The program stems from a performance-based vulnerability assessment methodology initially developed by Sandia to support the national nuclear security mission. It has since been modified to evaluate the vulnerability to terrorist attack of government buildings , air force bases , nuclear power plants , nuclear processing facilities , prisons , and federal dams.
   ...
   In the late 1990s the vulnerability assessment work on federal dams caught the attention of the AwwaRF and led the organization to Danneels , hoping Sandia , a Department of Energy national laboratory , could provide the same help to water utilities as it did for dams.
   
   In the same time frame , then President Clinton issued Presidential Decision Directive , Combating Terrorism , and PDD 63 , Critical Infrastructure Protection , to create an integrated structure for combating terrorist attacks that involve explosives , chemical or biological agents , or sabotage against infrastructure. In PDD 63 , the Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office was created to coordinate critical infrastructure assurance initiatives and create a well-directed national plan.
   
   The EPA , the agency responsible for protecting the water supply , turned to Sandia to conduct a workshop for utilities on how to assess the vulnerabilities of their systems and develop measures to reduce the risks of attacks.
   
   The November 2000 workshop was attended by a national audience made up of members of the AwwaRF , the American Water Works Association , the Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies , water utilities , Centers for Disease Control , Federal Bureau of Investigation , and others.
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   Also , as part of the effort , Danneels conducted assessments of two water utilities , going onsite for the analyses. Now , as a result of the Washington and New York City terrorist attacks , he is designing additional workshops for AwwaRF and AWWA. The workshops are scheduled to begin in November.
   
   EPA's primary concerns center around the water distribution systems that serve the nation's 340 cities with 100 , 000 or more residents. Many are more than 60 years old and were built without particular concern for security. In looking at different utilities around the country Danneels has found a few with shared common security issues. However , because most systems are quite old , few are configured alike , resulting in different security concerns for each utility.
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   It is important that utilities be able to detect the problem and delay it long enough for the response to arrive and defeat it , Danneels says.
   
   This could mean preventing an undesirable chemical that was released from spreading in the water distribution system before it could be cleaned up. Or it could involve stopping an intruder in a pump station from doing physical harm to critical assets before guards or police can arrive at the scene.
   
   Danneels notes that another important aspect of a vulnerability assessment is to fully characterize the system to develop a complete understanding of the site , including its overall mission and operations. Only once this is understood can the undesired events and possible consequences be determined. Typical undesired events for water supply , treatment , and distribution may include power loss , system control loss , water supply contamination , and distribution loss.
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   It's only after you figure out the undesired events that you can determine the critical assets to protect , Danneels says. The cost of security , Danneels says , depends on the level of protection a utility wants and can afford.
   
   A low security level might mean hiring a security guard and installing some detection features around critical assets , and that won't cost a lot , he says. But to stop a fairly organized group from committing a terrorist act could be extremely expensive..
   
   The water infrastructure security program is part of the Water Safety , Security , and Sustainability initiative undertaken by Sandia in the past couple of years. Water has been identified as a national security concern , and teams throughout the laboratory are integrating years of work into the effort.
   
   Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation , a Lockheed Martin Company , for the United States Department of Energy under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

3. 3. NWRA -- News Article

   www.nwra.org/newsarticle.cfm?n - [Cached]

   Published on: 11/14/2001   Last Visited: 2/25/2002

   Jeffrey J. Danneels is the lead researcher at Sandia National Laboratories on improvements to water infrastructure security. He testified this morning at a hearing on the bill. Sandia-developed technologies could make it possible to have real-time monitoring of water systems for chemical or biological contaminants within 3 to 5 years.
   
   "A research and development program should be initiated immediately to study intermediate and long-term approaches to significantly reduce risk in the water infrastructure," Danneels told Wilson and members of the House Science Committee. "Many of the efforts described in H.R. 3178 are the cornerstones of an effective R&D program. Research into advanced treatment techniques to remove a broad range of potential contaminants both for protection from intentional acts and to meet new drinking water standards is necessary. This research will support th analysis to determine whether fundamental changes are needed in the way America's potable water is supplied."
   
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