Landscaping With Native Plants -
[Cached Version]
Published on: 5/1/2002
Last Visited: 1/17/2007
According to Dave Daniell, vice president and part owner of Heads Up Landscape Contractors, Albuquerque, New Mexico, "Their goal is a 30-percent reduction in water consumption over 10 years.They launched an education campaign and implemented ordinances restricting the amount of high water-use turf to no more than 15 percent of the net landscape area.That has certainly driven a large part of the low water-use type landscapes here.However, acceptance has been slow."Says Daniell, many of the people living in Albuquerque are transplants from parts of the country where it's a lot greener.Little by little, people are realizing xeriscaping is not only the right thing to do, but it's practical."
As an added incentive, the City of Albuquerque offers property owners up to $500 and commercial property owners up to $750 in credit on their water bills for converting turf-based landscapes to drought-tolerant plants.
"Most of what we do along the line of native landscapes is new installations, but quite often, when a business or commercial entity wants to get a building permit, it requires them to convert the landscaping to low-water use," explained Daniell."Some people think of xeriscape as a bunch of gravel and a couple of weeds.We can certainly offer them a huge variety of trees, shrubs, perennials, and groundcovers."
To create an oasis-like effect, Daniell relies on a lot of native shrubs, such as chamisa (Chrysothamnus nauseosus), Apache plume (Fallugia paradoxa), Clary sage (Salvia sclarea), and blue mist (caryopteris), and junipers (Juniperus communis L.) for evergreens.Some popular, low water-use trees found in his xeriscapes are desert willow (Salix sp.) and the New Mexico olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia, L.), which is native to the watersheds in northern New Mexico and Colorado.
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Daniell designs turf areas in rounded, compact shapes so that they can be watered and mowed more efficiently, and watered separately from other landscape plants.Also he emphasizes the importance of choosing turf that is appropriate for the site.
"Typically, we recommend Buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) and blue grama grass (Bouteloua gracilis ‘Lovington') for low water-use turf.They're native to the area, but they're warm season grasses.It gets a little too cold, and the altitude is too high here, for these grasses to stay green more than four or five months.We use blue grass (Poa annua L.) and fescue (festuca) for high water, but again, that's limited to 15 percent.The rest is typically low-water use shrubs and gravel mulches," says Daniell, adding that a study by the University of New Mexico suggests that two-inch cobblestone does the best job of holding moisture.
As far as soil preparation goes, Daniell sometimes tills a ground bark mulch into the soil for turf areas, and that's it."Very often, we do not do much to improve the soil.Native plants don't need a lot of extra stuff.It doesn't help and, in fact, some suggest it may actually hinder native plant development," says Daniell.