www.alzheimersissues.com/ms/news/600767/main.html -
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Published on: 1/7/2007
Last Visited: 5/31/2007
"These cells are easier to get, and from acceptable medical procedures [for example, amniocentesis] that are done on a routine basis," said study senior author Dr. Anthony Atala, director of the Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Wake Forest University School of Medicine.
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"These cells could be harvested, grown outside the body and used," Atala said.
Unlike "true" stem cells, however, these cells were predestined to grow into only one type of cell, or a limited type of other cells.
"We wanted to see if there was a true stem cell population within this fluid, pluripotent stem cells which could give rise to multiple cell types," Atala explained.Pluripotent cells are capable of differentiating into many different types of cells.
After seven years of digging, Atala's team found that 1 percent of the amniotic fluid cells were pluripotent.The newly discovered cells seem to possess characteristics that rest halfway between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.Like other stem cells, they can self-renew and double in number every 36 hours.But unlike other stem cells, they do not produce tumors.
The stem cells could be harvested any time from the beginning of pregnancy until just after a baby is born, Atala said.
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Theoretically speaking, Atala said, a bank of 100,000 specimens could potentially supply 99 percent of the U.S. population with a perfect genetic match for transplantation.
But human studies haven't even begun yet.
"We don't know what the extent of therapy will be with these cells," Atala said.
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SOURCES: Anthony Atala, M.D., director, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, N.C.; Paul Sanberg, Ph.D., D.Sc., distinguished professor, neurosurgery, and director, University of South Florida Center for Aging and Brain Repair, Tampa; Darwin Prockop, M.D., Ph.D., professor, biochemistry, and director, Center for Gene Therapy, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans; Jan. 7, 2007, Nature Biotechnology