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Published on: 7/3/2007
Last Visited: 7/3/2007
"You can't say one cell type is better than another," said Dr. Anthony Atala, director of Wake Forest's Institute for Regenerative Medicine, who is leading one stem cell comparison study.
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This year, for example, Atala published a paper detailing a novel method of obtaining stem cells from amniotic fluid.Critics of embryonic research cheered the method as a replacement for embryonic stem cells, but Atala says it is not that simple.
So far, Atala said, it seems that his cells may be more stable than embryonic cells and less prone to produce tumors in patients--but they also appear to be less versatile.
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Yet Atala is more cautious in describing his work.
Though it might seem good that Atala's cells do not become genetically unstable and form tumors, that could also be a drawback of sorts, he said.
Part of the value of embryonic stem cells is the genetic flexibility that lets them develop into different cell types.Left unchecked, the cells can form a kind of benign tumor called a teratoma, which contains many kinds of tissue.In fact, the ability to form teratomas is part of the scientific definition of embryonic stem cells.
Because amniotic-derived stem cells do not form tumors, "it stands to reason that they will not be as nimble" as embryonic stem cells, Atala said.
The need to understand such subtle differences is a major reason for the collaboration between Atala and Robert Lanza, vice president of research and development at California-based Advanced Cell Technology.